**Lesson Plan: Basic Science and Technology for Nursery 1**
**Topic: Machines II**
**Lesson Duration:** 45 minutes
**Objectives:**
1. Students will be able to identify simple machines used in everyday life.
2. Students will understand the basic function of common simple machines.
3. Students will engage in a hands-on activity to reinforce their understanding of how simple machines work.
**Materials Needed:**
- Picture cards of simple machines (lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wedge)
- Actual examples of simple machines (toy car, scissors, ramp, etc.)
- Blocks or small toys for demonstration
- Glue, construction paper, crayons, markers
**Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. Greet the students and gather them in a circle.
2. Begin with a song or rhyme about machines to capture their interest. Example: "Wheels on the Bus".
3. Show the students picture cards of different simple machines and name them out loud together.
4. Briefly explain that machines help us do work and make tasks easier.
**Instruction (15 minutes):**
1. Show the actual examples of simple machines you have brought.
2. Describe each machine and demonstrate how it works.
- **Lever:** Use a seesaw or a toy ob fact to lift another object.
- **Wheel and Axle:** Show a toy car and explain how the wheels help it move.
- **Pulley:** Use a small bucket and string to lift a block.
- **Inclined Plane:** Use a ramp to roll a toy car down.
- **Screw:** Show a jar lid and explain how it screws on and off.
- **Wedge:** Use scissors to demonstrate how a wedge cuts things.
3. Ask students to describe what they see and how they think each machine helps people.
**Activity (15 minutes):**
1. Divide students into small groups and give each group a set of blocks or small toys.
2. Guide them to create simple machines with their blocks and toys:
- Build a small ramp (inclined plane) and roll a toy car or ball down.
- Arrange blocks to show how a lever works.
3. Allow students to explore and play with these setups, encouraging them to describe what they are doing and noticing.
**Assessment (5 minutes):**
1. Gather the students back in a circle.
2. Ask each group to share what they built and how their machine works.
3. Use questions to assess understanding, such as:
- "What does this machine do?"
- "How does it make the work easier?"
4. Praise their efforts and creativity.
**Conclusion (5 minutes):**
1. Summarize the lesson by briefly reviewing the types of simple machines discussed.
2. Sing another song or rhyme to reinforce the concept.
3. Thank the students for their participation and let them know they did a wonderful job learning about machines.
**Optional Extension Activity:**
- Provide construction paper, glue, crayons, and markers for students to draw and create their own simple machine. Display their artwork in the classroom.
**Note for Teachers:**
- Keep the lesson interactive and engaging by encouraging lots of participation and hands-on activities.
- Be patient and use simple language to explain concepts, as students in Nursery 1 might need more time to grasp new ideas.
- Ensure safety while children handle small objects and toys during the activities.